Which condition results from a sudden and abnormal increase in skin cell turnover?

• A. Eczema
• B. Psoriasis
• C. Dermatitis
• D. Melanoma

Answer: (B)

Psoriasis is characterized by a sudden and abnormal increase in skin cell turnover, which leads to the rapid proliferation of skin cells. This results in the formation of thick, scaly patches on the skin's surface. The condition stems from an autoimmune response, where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy skin cells. This accelerated skin cell production causes the cells to build up on the surface before they can be shed properly, resulting in the typical symptoms associated with psoriasis, such as red, inflamed skin and silvery-white scales.

The other conditions mentioned do not feature this specific mechanism of increased skin cell turnover. Eczema typically involves inflammation and a chronic condition affecting the skin but does not exhibit abnormal proliferation of skin cells in the way seen in psoriasis. Dermatitis refers to skin inflammation that can have various causes, including allergens or irritants, and can lead to skin changes, but again does not involve the abnormal cell turnover associated with psoriasis. Melanoma, a type of skin cancer, is characterized by the uncontrolled growth of melanocytes, the cells that produce pigment in the skin, rather than an increase in general skin cell turnover.