What substance produced in the skin protects against UV radiation?

• A. Collagen
• B. Melanin
• C. Keratin
• D. Elastin

Answer: (B)

Melanin is the substance produced in the skin that protects against UV radiation. It is a pigment that not only gives color to the skin, hair, and eyes but also plays a critical role in absorbing harmful ultraviolet rays from the sun. When the skin is exposed to UV radiation, melanocytes (the cells that produce melanin) increase melanin production in an attempt to protect the underlying tissues from damage. This is why individuals may notice their skin darkening or tanning after sun exposure, as the increased melanin acts as a natural barrier against UV damage, helping to reduce the risk of skin cancers and other harmful effects of sun exposure.

Collagen and elastin are structural proteins that provide strength and elasticity to the skin but do not specifically protect against UV radiation. Keratin is a type of protein that forms the outer layer of skin and helps in barrier protection but is not involved in UV protection in the way that melanin is. Therefore, melanin stands out as the primary substance in the skin for protection against UV rays.