What is the term for skin discoloration caused by bleeding under the skin?

• A. Ecchymosis
• B. Purpura
• C. Melanoma
• D. Hematoma

Answer: (B)

The term that specifically describes skin discoloration caused by bleeding under the skin is ecchymosis. This condition is characterized by the appearance of a bruise, which often presents as a blue or purple mark. It occurs when small blood vessels break, allowing blood to seep into the surrounding tissues.

Purpura refers to larger areas of discoloration that can appear similar to ecchymosis but typically indicates a more extensive bleeding situation from the blood vessels, which could be caused by various conditions affecting clotting or vasculitis.

Melanoma is a type of skin cancer that arises from melanocytes and does not pertain to discoloration due to bleeding.

A hematoma is a collection of blood outside of blood vessels, usually resulting from a more significant injury or trauma and can create a raised area on the skin, differing from the flat appearance of bruises or purpura.

In summary, ecchymosis accurately describes localized bleeding under the skin that results in discoloration, making it the correct choice.